Key points in plot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Key focuses in plot - Essay Example Larch to tell him that they required some help. The verifiable time referenced in the novel shows how individuals at the time lived and their wellsprings of help by houses of worship and clinics that helped them at the time during the world war one. During this difficult time individuals particularly social specialists and different laborers required assistance from well-wishers to aid the critical period of scarcity. The notice of world war two in the novel is likewise observed as Homer lives on the Worthington bequest in a bunkhouse called the Cider House as Wally leaves to battle in the universal war. This shows the battle that the various states experienced and the battle that the military needed to experience to battle for their nation as administration men for their nation. The chronicled setting of the book is of the universal war times as it makes reference to the various foundations of the world encompassing wars. The juice house decides is a novel that imparts the various insights on premature birth and how it has influenced the individuals from time in remembrance the various characters have a job to have their view. There are different perspectives that one would share, for example, prostitution that are referenced in the book. The epic shows that gives that were talked quite a while back are still issues that are right now examined at the present

Legalization of Marijuana Essay Example for Free

Legitimization of Marijuana Essay The battle to legitimize cannabis has been continuing throughout recent decades and hopes to have no closure until the outcome is that it’s legitimate. My battle would be for it to be authorized too. Basically in light of the fact that it’s a medication with more advantages at that point hurt. In certain states, and different nations it’s effectively lawful and specialist affirmed which I accept should be applied all over. Maryjane clients won't represent cannabis probation, regardless of to what extent it takes, disciplines or results. One may state press the issue! Make harsher laws! These restriction sees have neglected to quietness clients. Cannabis authorization is a constant issue that won't simply leave. I trust it will be sanctioned on the grounds that clients are eager to keep on battling until they succeed. This will in the long run open people’s eyes that the medication isn't all terrible. Pot has positive characteristics; a clinical incentive with mellow symptoms. Numerous individuals use it since they see it bravo particularly those enduring diseases. It eases torment, queasiness, spasticity, and different indications for some people who have not been dealt with effectively with traditional drugs. I concur that in the event that we do legitimize it only for prescription that it would break to different clients. Be that as it may, in today’s society numerous American grown-ups lean toward maryjane over liquor as an approach to unwind, it has much less reactions then liquor. The utilization of weed in America is a decision that accompanies a generally low reliance rate. The vast majority build up a resistance to symptoms, and the individuals who don’t for the most part quit utilizing drugs. Most Americans conclude that the advantages of the medication exceed the hazard which the most serious hazard is generally safe capture. Sanctioning the medication can have more advantages to our area at that point hurting it. On the off chance that cannabis was lawful we could put a duty on it, to make a benefit on it. On the off chance that we take a gander at our crime percentage, our law implementation has more significant duties than capturing 750,000 people every year for weed ownership. By doing this we squander prison space, stop up court frameworks, redirect time of police, lawyers, judges, and remedies authorities from fierce wrongdoing. At the point when I state savage wrongdoings I mean having the option to concentrate on the sexual maltreatment of kids, psychological warfare and other increasingly perilous violations. For my investigation I searched for a nation that has sanctioned maryjane and their explanations behind doing as such. I found that it is a typical information all through the world, that in Amsterdam you may simply enter a café and purchase drugs; you will be given a menu with medications of the day, and there may be even a unique on the menu. It is all open, for four joints you will pay a similar sum for twenty cigarettes. Weed is legitimate in Amsterdam in light of the fact that the legislature there understands that it is a lot simpler to control when they make it openly accessible. Along these lines they can burden it to produce state financing and guarantee that they know where it is and whos utilizing it. Its a substantially more liberal methodology than preclusion, which makes any controlled substance go promptly underground and leaves the legislatures purview. Pot being unlawful is a lot of like the disallowance of liquor. The Prohibition was a time of almost fourteen years of U.S. history in which the assembling, deal, and transportation of alcohol was made unlawful. It prompted the sole time an Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was revoked. Furthermore, in contrast to liquor and any physician endorsed drugs, cannabis isn't deadly. An investigation in 2009 by U.S. Division of Health and Human Studies distributed that 69.7 million Americans are present clients of tobacco items, 15 million Americans misuse liquor, and just 4.2 million Americans misuse Marijuana. Ordinary 1,000 individuals bite the dust from smoking related sicknesses, 550 kick the bucket from liquor related mishaps and maladies, and under 20 pass on of medication related causes. American young people use Marijuana twice as much as their partners in Holland where Marijuana is lawful. It appears that the compulsions to do what you’re shouldn't do are too solid to even think about resisting. Taking everything into account, cannabis ought to be legitimate. On the off chance that we are going to keep on offering these medications that are progressively hurtful then weed then why band one that makes a difference? In the event that proceeding to keep weed as an unlawful substance, at that point clients are eager to keep on battling. Like the forbiddance of liquor I don’t accept this battle will end until the clients win. Perhaps they will thoroughly consider their choice, and acknowledge it would help us all the more then it hurts us.

Syndetonâ€Definition and Examples

Syndetons Syndeton is aâ rhetorical term for a sentence style in which words, expressions, or statements are joined by conjunctions (generally and). A development that utilizes numerous conjunctions is called polysyndetic. Models and Observations At the marina, downpour, and steam ascending from the cove covered pontoons and winged creatures, and made the couple of hastening individuals indistinct.Blaize Clement, Raining Cat Sitters and Dogs. Minotaur Books, 2010I slithered back under the front of the pontoon and clustered there, wet, cold and sobbing.Sam McKinney, Sailing Uphill. Touchwood, 2010The fine downpour made a forsaken, even solid like taking in the pinewoods, and underneath, smooth layers of fog secured the lake, and were recolored to a great extent by the obscurity of the water beneath.Elizabeth Bowen, Salon des DamesYou are conversing with a man who has snickered despite death, scoffed at fate, and laughed at catastrophe.The Wizard in The Wizard of Oz, 1939Rain on all the quiet roads and squares, rear entryways and courts, nurseries and churchyards and stone advances and alcoves and corners of the city.Susan Hill, The Mist in the Mirror. Sinclair-Stevenson, 1992 Polysyndeton​​ He and Rawlins had unsaddled the ponies and turned them out in obscurity and they were lying on the seat covers and utilizing the seats for pads. The night was cold and clear and the flashes ascending from the fire dashed hot and red among the stars. They could listen to the trucks on the thruway and they could see the lights of the town reflected off the desert fifteen miles toward the north.Cormac McCarthy, All the Pretty Horses. Alfred A. Knopf, 1992 Checking Coordination Coordination is generally however not constantly set apart by at least one organizers. Three examples to be recognized are appeared in (6): (6) I SIMPLE SYNDETIC You need [celery, apples, pecans, and grapes].(6) ii POLYSYNDETIC You need [celery and apples and pecans and grapes].(6) iii ASYNDETIC You need [celery, apples, pecans, grapes]. The significant differentiation is between syndetic coordination, which contains at any rate one facilitator, and asyndetic coordination, which doesn't. In developments with multiple directions, there is a further differentiation inside syndetic coordination between the default basic syndetic, which has a solitary organizer denoting the last arrange, and polysyndetic, where all non-beginning directions are set apart by a facilitator (which must be the equivalent for every one of them). The facilitator frames a constituent with the organizer which follows: we allude to articulations like and grapes as an extended arrange, with grapes itself an exposed coordinate.Rodney Huddleston and Geoffrey K. Pullum, Coordination and Subordination. The Handbook of English Linguistics, ed. by Bas Aarts and April M. S. McMahon. Blackwell, 2006

Vaso-Occlusive Events In Sickle Cells Case Study - 746 Words

Vaso-occlusive events are moments of severe pain common in sickle cell patients; it is a result of the adhesion of cells to the endothelial lining. While leukocytes play a role in vaso-occlusive events, erythrocyte activity plays an even bigger role. It was discovered that the receptors on the erythrocytes and the endothelial cell were responsible for the mediation of the adhesion of erythrocytes to the endothelial lining (Stuart; Nagel, 2004). The adhesions of these cells to the cell wall is what leads to inflammatory disease, and certain types of acute chest syndrome. Vaso-occlusive events are common in sickle cell patients, but they are not the leading cause of death. Acute chest syndrome takes that spot. Acute chest syndrome is†¦show more content†¦Acute chest syndrome has been studied extensively in the past due to two reasons. First, it is the leading cause of death in patients with sickle cell disease. Secondly, there is not optimal treatment for acute chest syndrome. This is because there are so many factors that can cause it. Pulmonary fat embolism can cause acute chest syndrome, but so can viral infections, bacterial infections, and mixed infections (Vichinsky, 2000). While there are so many causes of acute chest syndrome, the most noticeable was pulmonary fat embolism, which account for 8.8% of all acute chest syndrome occurrences (Vichinsky, 2000). On table 4, you can see each disease that caused the onset of acute chest syndrome, and how many people it affected. To properly treat patients with sickle cell disease who are suffering from acute chest syndrome, multiple precautions must be taken into account. First, broad-spectrum antibiotics should be administered due to the high chance that it is caused by a bacterial infection. Secondly, airway hyperreactivity should be assumed and checked for even if wheezing or coughing is not present. Thirdly, if possible, patients who suffer from anemia should seek blood transfusions before the onset of respiratory distress. Lastly, if the patient sees no improvement, they may be treated with alternative drugs such as nitric oxide or hydroxyurea, but this is only in severe cases. As previously stated,Show MoreRelatedDo Teenagers With Sickle Cell Disease Experience True Pain? Essay2656 Words   |  11 PagesDO TEENAGERS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE EXPERIENCE TRUE PAIN OR ARE THEY SIMPLY DEPENDENT ON PAIN MEDICATIONS? Salve Aguilar West Coast University Pathophysiology Dr. Isabelle Tardif August 14, 2015 Do Teenagers with sickle cell disease experience true pain or are they simply dependent on pain medication? Situation: A case study about a 15 year old African male with sickle cell disease was rushed to emergency room by his mother due to complaint of unbearable pain all over his bodyRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pages(CNS) depressants. B. Avoid taking antianxiety agents at bedtime. C. Avoid taking antianxiety agents on an empty stomach. D. Avoid consuming aged cheese when taking antianxiety agents. 71. A preschool-age child with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the health care facility in vaso-occlusive crisis after developing a fever and joint pain. What is the nurse s highest priority when caring for this child? A. Providing fluids. B. Maintaining protective isolation. C. Applying cool compresses to affected

Spelling Review Exercises for Commonly Misspelled Words

Study  spelling rules and commonly misspelled words, then test your spelling skills by completing the following short exercises. In some cases, you will need to add a letter or two to complete the correct spelling of each word in parentheses. In other cases, the word in parentheses is correct as it stands. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Group A: To E or Not to E? Some of the words in parentheses require the addition of the letter e; others are correct as they stand. Gus is (tru-ly) sorry for keeping you awake last night.We were criticized (sever-ly) by the sewing circle.The shed was (complet-ly) demolished.Merdine was (sincer-ly) grateful for the reprieve.The Simpsons are (argu-ing) again.They (argu-d) last night for hours.When is Mr. Wolfe (com-ing) home.Maya is (writ-ing) her autobiography.Mr. White is (judg-ing) the essay contest.Be (car-ful) when you light the furnace. Group B: IE or EI? Some of the words require the addition of ie; others require ei. Paint the (c--ling) before you paint the walls.Gus has been (rec--ving) threatening e-mails.A (w--rd) noise came out of the attic.I paid almost five dollars for that (p--ce) of pie.I dont (bel--ve) in coincidence.The guests brought (th--r) children to the wedding.(N--ther) of us can help you today.The (n--ghbors) complained about our parents.Linda (w--ghs) less than her collie.We waited for the (fr--ght) train to pass. Group C: I or Y? Some of the words require the addition of i; others require y. Have you (tr-ed) the dessert yet?The baby (cr-ed) throughout the church service.We compared two (theor-es) of evolution.Peggy felt (betra-ed) by her manager.You should be (stud-ing) for Fridays exam.(Lonel-ness) was never a problem for Henry.She (fl-es) on broken wings.I have always (rel-ed) on my friends.Please give Mr. Flannery my (apolog-es).It was a (pit-ful) sight. Group D: A, E, or I? Complete each word with the letter a, e, or i. I borrowed these flowers from the (cemet-ry).My parakeet eats huge (quant-ties) of bird seed.The tax cuts will (ben-fit) the wealthy.It was a (priv-lege) to meet you.He has a remarkably (unpleas-nt) disposition.We placed the puppies in (sep-rate) rooms.Henry is an (independ-nt) thinker.I found an (excell-nt) excuse to resign from the committee.She chose items from different (cat-gories).Professor Legree made another (irrelev-nt) remark. Group E: Single or Double? Some of these words require the doubling of a consonant; others are correct as they stand. The sun was (shin-ing) down like honey.The experiment was (control-ed) by a madman.The region is slowly (begin-ing) to recover.Doug (pour-ed) sugar over Yoddys oatmeal.She keeps (forget-ing) to call me.Gus (admit-ed) his mistake.They were (sweat-ing) in the classroom.That idea never (occur-ed) to me.The bunny went (hop-ing) down to the abattoir.His doctor (refer-ed) him to a dimple specialist. Group F: Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. Marriage comes without a (g-arantee).Caley (su-prised) me.You are (prob-ly) going to be late.Does she (reali-e) that her socks dont match?(D-scribe) the man who hit you.We waited (until-) the mortician arrived.Merdine (recom-ended) a psychiatrist.Take two (asp-rin) and go to bed.She supports a strong (ath-letic) program.The (tem-rature) reached 109 degrees in Yuma. Group G: More Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. She (a-quired) a good tan and a new boyfriend.Gus is (basic-ly) lazy.We must work together to improve the (envir-ment).I wish Hansel would just (dis-pear).Mr. Summers should attend to his (bus-ness).Alice Walker wrote an essay (sim-lar) to yours.The Red Sox have (fin-ly) won a ball game.I was (dis-appointed) by the cranberries in dill sauce.Doc Brown was working in his (lab-ratory).Baron Leibniz works for the (gover-ment). When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Answers Here are the answers to the Spelling Review Exercises, Groups A through G. ANSWERS—GROUP A1. truly; 2. severely; 3. completely; 4. sincerely; 5. arguing; 6. argued; 7. coming; 8. writing; 9. judging; 10. careful. ANSWERS—GROUP B1. ceiling; 2. receiving; 3. weird; 4. piece; 5. believe; 6. their; 7. Neither; 8. neighbors; 9. weighs; 10. freight ANSWERS—GROUP C1. tried; 2. cried; 3. theories; 4. betrayed; 5. studying; 6. Loneliness; 7. flies; 8.  relied; 9. apologies; 10. pitiful ANSWERS—GROUP D1. cemetery; 2. quantities; 3. benefit; 4. privilege; 5. unpleasant; 6. separate; 7. independent; 8. excellent; 9. categories; 10. irrelevant ANSWERS—GROUP E1. shining; 2. controlled; 3. beginning; 4. poured; 5. forgetting; 6. admitted; 7. sweating; 8. occurred; 9. hopping; 10. referred ANSWERS—GROUP F1. guarantee; 2. surprised; 3. probably; 4. realize; 5. Describe; 6. until; 7. recommended; 8. aspirin; 9. athletic; 10. temperature ANSWERS—GROUP G1. acquired; 2. basically; 3. environment; 4. disappear; 5. business; 6. similar; 7. finally; 8. disappointed; 9. laboratory; 10. government

Capital Punishment The Death Penalty - 932 Words

Alexis Binch Ms. Stevens English 9 Honors 6th May 2016 Capital Punishment Tom Robinson is a Black, unfairly tried, innocent character being tried for Capital Punishment for falsely accused of raping a white girl in the book â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird.† (Lee, Harper.). This is clearly wrong. Governments should not concern itself with taking people s lives. Capital punishment is a legally authorised killing for a crime. In the modern United States capital punishment is only used for punishing murder. The 1930’s was the decade in which had the highest rate of capital punishment in American history. In that decade only two states made capital punishment illegal. Capital punishment is unjust because of the eighth amendment which wherein is†¦show more content†¦Putting a person into excruciating pain purposely would seem unusual and cruel. No matter what a person has done they should not be punished to such extent. The purpose of punishment is to show an example to prevent an action from happening. If the government itself is to inflict just as the person who is being punished inflicts then the government is at the same level or lower as the person being punished. This only creates an example of murder or destruction. On April 22nd, 1983 John Evans was executed and â€Å"After the first jolt of electricity, sparks and flames erupted†¦ to Evans s leg. The electrode burst from the strap holding it in place and caught on fire†¦ Two physicians entered the chamber and found a heartbeat†¦ and another jolt of electricity was applied. This resulted in more smoke and burning flesh. Again the doctors found a heartbeat†¦ a third jolt of electricity was applied. The execution took 14 minutes and left Evans s body charred and smoldering.† (Radelet, Michael L.) Often the health factors of the victim can add to the suffering. Electrocution can lead to singeing of hair or skin, which one could argue, is cruel and unusual. Capital Punishment should not be used because not everyone sentenced to it is guaranteed to be guilty and the finality of the punishment. Killing someone can not be reversed. One can’t reimburse someone for taking their life. If a person was proven

Betrayal Of The Native Americans Essay Example For Students

Betrayal Of The Native Americans Essay Thanksgiving has lost most of its original meaning. Originally it was the day we celebrated the goodness that the Native American Indians shared with the original New Englanders the day they arrived. But now it has become just a stepping-stone for Christmas. It was not so long ago when my family would get together and plan what we would bring, whom we were to invite, and what types food we wanted to serve that day. We affectionately called this holiday the American Thanksgiving since my parents didnt think of themselves as Americans being immigrants from the Philippines, only used this time to bring the family closer together. This holiday has real meaning, they say, and thats why we celebrate it. It brought us closer together as a family. On those past days, we forgot all our misgivings toward one another and just had a good time telling stories and eating good food. The best part of our Thanksgiving gatherings was the food. The aroma of the sweet smelling apple pie hovering over my head brings me back to a time when this day meant more. I remember one Thanksgiving in particular, when my mother who cooked a masterfully prepared meal forgot one of the ingredients for her stuffing and wasnt able to get it because all the stores had been closed. The meaning of this day has changed. Now every store capitalizes on this holiday and brands it as the first shopping day of Christmas.The incarnation of this holiday is as transparent as the betrayal of the New Englanders towards the Native Americans who first settled here. Since the time of the first Thanksgiving many things have changed. The New Englanders formed a union of colonies now known as the United States and have taken over the land which the original Native Americans ruled just 200 years before. The Native Americans adhered to their customs and didnt believe that anyone had the right to claim ownership on any land. The United States Citizens arrogantly call themselves Americans but what does that really mean? If they were really Americans then they wouldve acted more like the original settlers rather than the evil step brother of the King who was too greedy to know when something was enough. That kind gesture which the Native Americans showed to us that day showed us their basic goodness of humanity. These days when longer weekends is seen as a kind gesture its hard to recognize whats good and what isnt. Thanksgiving has taken a backseat to Christmas. Just a few years ago the commercialization of Christmas was exploited when it was reported that Christmas was originally a pagan celebration. This exploit is just another slap in the face of the Native American who continues to passively sit still while enduring the transgressions of the United States. The Native Americans taught us how to share on that first Thanksgiving. Two Hundred years later we still havent given back.

Lord Of The Flies Essays (2081 words) - Fiction,

Lord of The Flies Lord of The Flies At the start of the novel, there has been an atomic explosion, and the children have been evacuated in an aircraft with a detachable passenger tube. The aircraft has been attacked and released the tube while flying over tropical seas. The tube has crash landed in the jungle of a tropical island, and the plane has flown off in flames. This is the point when the novel starts. There are four main characters in the book ? Ralph, Piggy, Jack and Simon. Simon is part of the choir, which is led by Jack, but Ralph and Piggy are not members of the choir, and are in no way related. There are no adults ? "There aren't any grown ups" (P.43) Ralph has found a "conch" (P.21), and has used it to call all the boys on the island together. This is where Jack is introduced into "Lord of the Flies" "Something dark was fumbling along" (P.26). This refers to the choir walking along the beach in the distance. This use of language shows us that the choir is dark, evil, and sinister, and immediately Golding tells us that this group will not be a "good" force on the island. The choir are a militaristic group ? "marching approximately...with a hambone frill" (P.26). This shows us that their leader is in total control of the group. This leader is Jack ? "The boy who controlled them...his cap badge was golden" (P.26) This shows the authority and status that Jack has over the choir. When the choir reach the platform, Jack shows off ? "swaying in the fierce light...his cloak flying" (P.27). This is an attempt to impress the group, create a good impression, enough so he commands their respect as well as the choirs', enough so that he can eventually control them as well as the choir. Jack does not introduce himself to everyone; he first words to the group are "Where's the man with the trumpet?" (P.27). He just gives out demands, and expects the group to answer him. This is what he is used to. Jack is a direct contrast with Ralph ? "peered down at Ralph...(the conch) did not seem to satisfy him" (P.27) This shows us that he believes no-one is as good a leader as him, and that the conch, which called the group together, is below him. This is "simple arrogance" (P.29) on the part of Jack. He uses his cloak as a prop ? "Inside the floating cloak he was tall, thin, and bony" (P.27). He uses the cloak (a sign of power) to make him into something he's not, he uses it to gain authority. "His hair was red beneath the black cap" (P.27). The colour of his hair shows signs of a fiery temper, and the colour of his cap reinforces his sinister side. Jacks main aim of the assemblies in the novel are to first become chief, and then control the group. He says on page twenty-nine with "simple arrogance", "I ought to be chief." Jack believes that no-one else has the right to control him, and he should be in control of everyone. During the assemblies, he rejects Piggy ? "Shut up, Fatty" (P.28). He has no respect for Piggy (due to his appearance), even though Piggy could be a very useful asset to the group. He takes control of the assembly ? "We've got to..." (P.29). Jack does this because he wants to decide and be in control of what the group does. When the boys on the island say they want to vote on a chief, Jack "started to protest" (P.30). This is because Jack knows that he is not in control of the boys on the island who are not in the choir, which is the majority, and therefore they will not vote for him. He also believes that he should be proclaimed the leader of the group without voting, because in his opinion, no-one has the right to be in control of him. This is because he is a natural leader, and has never been in a position without control. This is born out when Ralph is voted chief ? "and the freckles...a blush of mortification" (P.30). Jack is very embarrassed when he is, for the first time in his life, not in total control. Jack's personality makes him use violence to command respect ? "Jack snatched from behind him a sizeable sheath-knife and clouted it into a trunk" (P.32), "Jack slammed his knife into a trunk and looked round challengingly"

Sustainable Resource Management

Sustainable Resource Management Introduction One of the major challenges facing Australia today comes in form of managing its water supply in the face of rising water demand, an increasingly drying climate brought about by global warming and subsequent industrial pollution which has affected overall water quality in locations such as Lithgow.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sustainable Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sustainable resource management in this particular case comes in the form of ensuring that the water supply continues to meet demand in the foreseeable future (Levy Sidel, 2011: 1). It is due to this that the Australian Government has started the Water for the Future initiative whose four main priorities consist of: Securing sufficient water supplies Ensuring the health of rivers that feed into several of Australias cities Instituting programs aimed at using water wisely Taking some form of action/stance on global climate change. Overall it is anticipated that by instituting measures which address these four main priorities it is expected that a sufficient level of sustainable water management can be developed. Taking this into consideration the case example to be utilized in this particular paper is that of Lithgow, New South Wales and the impact sustainable water resource management has had on the area, if any. The reason why Lithgow presents itself as an interesting case example to be examined is due to the fact that a large percentage of Sydneys water supply originates from the Cox River which goes through Lithgow. Any adverse sustainable resource management practices being implemented in this area have the potential to impact millions of people in one of Australia’s most popular and largest cities (Chiew, Young, Cai Teng, 2011: 601 604). This is interesting to note due to the fact that Lithgow has one of the highest cancer and heart attack rates within Australia with estimates placing the rate of cancer and heart attacks within the area at 20% higher than anywhere else within the country. An examination of the local area reveals two distinct problems which seemingly interconnect with the detrimental health effects in the area: the presence of a massive coal mining operation located near Lithgow and the coal powered power plants that feed off the production of the local mines.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The spill off from water used in the coal mining operations as well as the production of electricity from the nearby power plant are often allowed to run back into local water systems which not only affect the local wildlife but are also thought of as the primary cause of the health problems affecting the citizens of Lithgow (Guerin, 2006: 11 16). The cause of the problem is the fact that not only does this runo ff contain coal particulates it also contains several other elements such as chemicals used in the production of electricity by the power plant such as base metals as well as an assortment of dust and minerals that are byproducts of mining. While it may be true that based on local testing the presence of base metals and other substances have been reduced to parts per million or parts per billion due to water treatment facilities the fact remains that few studies have actually confirmed whether long term ingestion of such substances will be negligible or will actually have detrimental effects on an individuals health. This is an important factor consider in regard to sustainable resource management since no matter what form of water conservation legislation or stance on global climate change the fact remains that so long as pollutants are allowed to enter into a resource supply that is utilized by people there is the very real chance that what will occur is an adverse effect on the l ocal populace (Hargreaves, 2008: 26 27). Taking this into consideration this paper will examine the current situation in Lithgow, the extent of sustainable resource management practices currently being implemented in the area and will evaluate whether current practices will have an effect on the foreseeable future. It is expected that the results of this study will reveal several key elements that the government must address in order to create an effective plan to ensure sustainable water supplies that are pollution free in the future for both Lithgow and Sydney. Review of Related Literature Current estimates of the electrical use per household within Sydney shows that on average a home/apartment in Sydney spends roughly $1,500 per year on electricity consumption with an average daily use of 17 to 31 kWhs (Kilowatt-hours) per day or 8250 kWh per annum (All charged up, 2008: 90).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sustainable Resource Management speci fically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This results in the production of 8 tones of carbon pollution per household created each year due to the fact that 90% of Australias energy needs are met through the use of fossil fuel burning power plants. With a population density of 4,575,532 this represents literally billions of tons of carbon pollution released into the atmosphere on a yearly basis. The reason this is particularly important to mention is due to the fact that Sydney is just one out of several cities that rely on fossil fuel power plants as their main source of energy (Australia: Market profile, 2004: 22). Many of these power plants are located near rivers, lakes and estuaries due to the necessity of large bodies of water for their steam cycles and cooling processes (King Lilja, 2011: 153 156). What happens as a direct result of this is an increase in the number of particulates in the water consisting of either iron, copper, magnesium, sodium , sulfates, nitrates and a variety of other inorganic materials that can be found dissolved in water as a direct result of industrial processes (King Lilja, 2011: 153 156). The inherent problem with having such particulates in the water even in the parts per million or parts per billion level is that it may have unknown long term effects on the resident population within a particular area. The city of Lithgow for example which is located roughly 150 kilometers west of Sydney is near the Wallerawang power plant owned by Delta electricity which has been observed as continuing to release water that contains toxic metals and arsenic into the Cox River. Studies conducted in 2008 showed that the power plant itself was the main reason behind the abrupt die off of local aquatic life due to the high levels of base metals within the water which increased overall water conductivity, turbidity and toxicity. Several independent studies which examined the water quality of the Cox river revealed that on average the river only contained 5 percent of the amount of oxygen fish need to survive, contained sulphate levels that were shown to be 125 times more than what was recommended and the presence of high levels of metals such as zinc, copper and manganese made it almost undrinkable.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unfortunately, Lithgow sources a lot of its drinking water from the nearby river and as such this has the potential to create hereto unknown effects within the local populace. While regular testing by the local city council shows that the water is safe to drink after undergoing purification at local municipal water plans there are various factors that call such testing into doubt. Based on the latest data by the Sydney West Area Health Service (SWAHS) the city of Lithgow has one of highest rates of prostate cancer, asthma and lung related illnesses as compared to any other region within the state. In fact based on estimates by the SWAHS, citizens of Lithgow have a 20 percent greater propensity for cancer and a 50 percent greater risk for heart attacks and as such are indicative of something seriously affecting the local population. Various environmental groups as well as local doctors and physicians indicate that the problem is due to the area’s water supply which has been se verely affected due to the presence of the nearby power plant and mines. Of further concern is the fact that this is situation is not isolated to Lithgow alone, with 90% of Australias power supply originating from fossil fuel resources this is indicative of the fact that other towns and cities that source water from rivers from nearby power plants can also be similarly affected. One factor to consider when taking such figures into consideration is the fact that Sydneys population is estimated to grow to at least 6 million by 2035 resulting in an even greater strain on the citys resource infrastructure (Rutherfurd Finlayson, 2011: 301 312) (Tandukar, 2006: 38). The impact of this estimate on the sustainable management of water resources results in two distinct priorities that need to be addressed: The ability to continue to supply water resources to a growing population of millions Ensuring that the water supply continues to remain drinkable and non-toxic to the population. The i nherent problem with fulfilling the second priority is the fact that the due to rising energy needs within Sydney the plan of the Australian government has been to create more fossil fuel burning power plants due to their relatively inexpensive cost. Such policies have resulted in plans to build several more fossil fuel burning power plants near the Lithgow area due to its proximity to coal deposits thereby reducing the overall cost of production. Unfortunately such a plan has the effect of increasing the amount of base metals into the water which would definitely affect the overall sustainability of the Cox River as a sustainable source of drinkable water for Sydney. On the other hand it must be noted that the local Lithgow city council has deemed the water safe to consumer despite the detrimental health effects to the citizens within the immediate area showing the exact opposite of their claims. While it may be true that Sydney is relatively far away enough from Lithgow (150 miles ) for some of the base metals within the water to dilute themselves to parts per trillion the fact remains that if more power plants are to be built in the Lithgow area as they are planned to this would increase the amount of base metals within Sydneys water supply thus facilitating the same health risks within Sydney as those seen within Lithgow (Guerin, 2006: 11 16). It is due to this that it is now necessary to examine the present methods of sustainable resource management within the Lithgow area in order to determine whether they will be able to cope with the future changes that will occur within the area. Data and Methods The following is a comparative analysis between current methods of sustainable resource management implementation and a factual analysis of collected data examining the state of water sources within the Lithgow area. The purpose of examination is to compare the results of sustainable water management with the current level of pollutants within the waters that feed into Lithgow’s and Sydneys water supply in order to determine the effectiveness of such management policies. Sustainable Resource Management Plans within Lithgow: Effective or Useless? The inherent problem with any sustainable resource management plan that aims to protect the water resources of the Lithgow area is that it has to deal with the energy needs of Sydney which is one of the primary reasons behind problems within the area. While it may be true that governments have the responsibility in ensuring the continued safety and health of their populace the fact remains that in case of the ever increasing power demands of Sydney it is apparent that the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few and in this case the apparent effect of mining and building power plants within the local area takes precedence over the health and well-being of citizens within Lithgow. How else can it be explained that despite the flagrant environmental abuses by both the mining and powe r plant companies that their activities have continued to remain in operation. The fact is that the government can ill-afford any interruptions to Sydneys voracious appetite for power, stopping operations at power plants and mines that have exhibited flagrant abuses of the environmental code would cause a potential power crises within Sydney affecting the citys economy which would definitely be detrimental for government. Taking this particular factor into consideration an examination of current policies aimed at reducing pollutants originating from the local mines and power plants has revealed the Lithgow Clarence Colliery water transfer project which through the use of a $4 million endowment from the government the Clarence Water Transfer System will be upgraded allowing local residents from Lithgow to source more of their water from the Clarence Colliery instead of the Oberon dam. While such a method sustainable resource management is admirable since it allows local residents to source their water from a plentiful alternative the fact remains that the data sets that will be explored within this section show why this is a bad idea. What must be understood is that what is necessary in the case of Lithgow’s water supply is sustainable resource management strategies that resolve the issue of discharges by the various mines and power plants within the area into the local water supply. Within New South Wales the Australian and New Zealand Environment Conservation Council (ANZECC) 2000 Guidelines manages the guidelines for water discharge while the ability to discharge water is licensed under the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (Roberts, 2011: 6 8). While such methods of ensuring the water supply continues to remain pollution free and thus sustainable in the long run in terms of their ability to be consumed what this section will detail is why such methods of ensuring resource sustainability are far from stringent enough. (Kumar,McCullo ugh, Lund, 2009: 205 211) The following data shows the PH levels of various areas within Lithgow. What must first be understood is that a PH rate of one to six is indicative of the water being acidic with a rating of six indicating low acidity A rating of seven of is considered neutral while 8 and above is considered a base From the results it can be seen that the data from Farmers creek shows an increase in PH level from acidic to base, this indicative of the introduction of base particles such as metal particulates into the water. In fact as it can be seen in most of the results aside from the Ben Bullen state forest and Sunny Corner all of the results show PH levels indicative of bases present in the water. This means that the waters in those particular locations contain high levels of metal particulates which is further backed up by the readings taken based on their level of conductivity. (Kumar,McCullough, Lund, 2009: 205 211) What must first be understood is the fact that conductivity is the measure by which water is able to pass an electrical current. While it may be true that water is able to pass electricity rather easily the fact remains that its overall ability to do so increases based on the amount and type of inorganic dissolved solids (particulates) that have been mixed in. These particulates can come in form of iron, copper, magnesium, sodium, sulfates, nitrates and a variety of other inorganic materials that can be found dissolved in water as a direct result of industrial processes. The greater the amount of discharges into a stream from such processes the greater the likelihood of the water having a higher degree of conductivity. For example Lake Lyell has an average range of 500  µhos/cm, the Colliery shows 577  µhos/cm and Sunny corner at 438  µhos/cm. Such results, while high, can still support aquatic life yet their sheer levels is indicative of a high degree of particulates being introduced into the water which may be incredibl y poisonous for local marine life (Kumar,McCullough, Lund, 2009: 205 211). As mentioned earlier one of the main causes speculated as the reason behind the negative health conditions of the citizens of Lithgow is connected to the long term of consumption of base metals in parts per million or billion within water supplies. As the evidence from the data shows there is a relatively high degree of base metals still present within the waters surrounding Lithgow and is indicative of a failure of sustainable resource management since the surrounding waters can be considered a health hazard over long term consumption. Analysis, Results and Discussion Overall based on a comparative analysis of the given data presented it can be seen that the methods of sustainable resource management implemented over Lithgows water supply are from adequate based on the results showed. While it may be true that based on government standards of water safety that the base metal content in the water is safe fo r consumption the fact still remains that the residents of Lithgow have severe health problems and most experts point out that the cause can be traced to the water discharge from the local power plant and coal mines. While at the present the base metal levels begin to dilute as they enter into Sydneys water supply and undergo treatment at the local plants the fact remains that with future plans indicating that even more power plants are going to built near Lithgow this means that the base metal per million or billion may increase resulting in possibly negative repercussions within Sydneys population. It is based on this that it can be seen that in terms of sustainable resource management, while the Australian government has ensured that water continues to be supplied the fact remains that the overall condition of the water leaves much to be desired especially when taking into future plans for the NSW region. Conclusion and Recommendation Based on the findings of this paper it can be seen that the level of sustainable resource management within the Lithgow area is a direct result of the activities of the power plants and mining sites within the local area. Despite the source being obvious an effective resolution is not quite possible due to their connection to the power necessities of Sydney. It is based on this that it is recommended that greater government intervention in the case of Lithgow be implemented in the form of either stricter penalties or the threat of possible closure of either a power plant or a mine for failing to live up to proper environmental standards of operation. If such initiatives were to be implemented better sustainable resource management practices can also be utilized to ensure that not only does Sydneys water supply continue to flow in abundance but will be safe to drink in the foreseeable future. Reference List All charged up 2008, Australian House Garden, 3, p. 90, MasterFILE Complete, EBSCOhost. Australia: Market profile 2004, E nergy Forecast Asia Australasia, pp. 22-26, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Chiew, F, Young, W, Cai, W, Teng, J 2011, Current drought and future hydroclimate projections in southeast Australia and implications for water resources management, Stochastic Environmental Research Risk Assessment, 25, 4, pp. 601-612, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Guerin, TF 2006, A Survey of Sustainable Development Initiatives in the Australian Mining and Minerals Industry, Minerals Energy, 20, 3/4, pp. 11-44, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Hargreaves, S 2008, One good big idea for water reform, Policy, 24, 2, pp. 26-31, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. King, F, Lilja, C 2011, Scientific basis for corrosion of copper in water and implications for canister lifetimes, Corrosion Engineering, Science Technology, 46, 2, pp. 153-158, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Kumar, R, McCullough, C, Lund, M 2009, Water resources in australian mine pit lakes, Mining Technology: Transactions of the Institute of Mining Metallurgy, Section A, 118, 3/4, pp. 205-211, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Levy, B, Sidel, V 2011, Water Rights and Water Fights: Preventing and Resolving Conflicts Before They Boil Over, American Journal of Public Health, May, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Roberts, AS 2011, Technology and Engineering: Sanitary and Storm Water Treatment,  Technology Engineering Teacher, 70, 7, pp. 4-12, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Rutherfurd, I, Finlayson, B 2011, Whither Australia: Will Availability of Water Constrain the Growth of Australias Population?, Geographical Research, 49, 3, pp. 301-316, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Tandukar, A 2006, The first step, BRW, 28, 49, p. 38, MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost.

Poverty Alleviation and Micro-credit Institutions Essay

Poverty Alleviation and Micro-credit Institutions - Essay Example rse credit and loans to people and institutions who have repayment capability and at the same time, ensure that loans are against securities that can be used to compensate them in case of default in repayment. These criteria become irrelevant for informal sector where people are living below poverty line and have neither job security nor any other kind of financial backing. To improve the living conditions and raise their living standard, non formal mechanisms of micro-credit become essential in the rural areas. The micro credit is designed to promote empowerment through income generating activities. The institutions facilitate easy credit to poor and ensure repayment through innovative schemes and incentives. The problems due to asymmetry in information, screening and enforcement are often overcome through integrated approach and providing inter-linkages to the credit and the commodities. The institutions also promote formation of self help groups and compulsory contribution to the emergency fund that can be utilized by the members in times of emergencies. The micro-financing is one of the key factors of poverty alleviation programs as it helps to provide the poor with the necessary credit to start income generating activity and thereby raise the living standard of the people in the developing countries. The innovative mechanisms and integrated approach help facilitate minimum standard of living and access to medical facilities, food and housing for every human being, irrespective of race, religion, political belief and socio-economic conditions. To encourage more funding through other international aid agencies and private donors, World Bank must facilitate requisite information and updated database of beneficiaries and poverty alleviation programs of under-developed and developing economies. The bank should encourage more proactive participation from the non government agencies and corporate houses to contribute to the socio-economic development and

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Discussion - Assignment Example Potency in the psychoactive effects of spice and other cannabinoids has contributed to popularity and mass consumption of the drugs since people find them to be appealing (Iversen 12). It is true that spice is as potent as THC since they act on the body in a similar manner to cannabinoids like THC found in cannabis. They have similar effects and people use them to avoid the laws that describe cannabis as illegal. The potency of spice is not consistent and may increase leading to longer duration of action and adverse effects. The potency of the drug depends entirely on the active ingredients, the plant material that clinicians use to manufacture the drugs, and varying products mixtures (Iversen 24). The relationship between potency and side effects is that the high the potency of spice, the severe and life threatening symptoms that a person experiences. It has adverse effects on health especially when a person takes high quantities of the commodity. Examples of these effects include death and

Economics and monopoly introduction Essay Example for Free

Economics and monopoly introduction Essay Characteristics: Single seller: One firm produces all the output of a particular product No close substitutes: Product is unique and if consumers want to buy it they must buy from the monopolist. Price maker: Since the monopolist is the sole supplier of the product, it can change the price by changing output. The firm faces a downward sloping demand curve, so increasing output lowers the price, decreasing output increases the price. The firm will set a price that maximizes its profits. Blocked entry: Entry to the market is totally blocked, meaning the firm has no immediate competitors. Barriers to entry may be economies of scale, legal, technological or another type. Nonprice competition: Since it has no competitors a monopolist cannot compete on price. Therefore, to attract new consumers the firm must engage in non-price competition such as advertising and public relations campaigns to promote its products attributes. Examples of Monopolies? www. welkerswikinomics. com 3 Unit 2. 3. 3 Pure Monopoly Monopoly Demand as seen by a Monopolist. Three assumptions: 1) Entry is totally blocked 2) The monopolist is unregulated by any government so can charge whatever price it wants. 3) The firm is a single price seller. It sells all units of output at the same price. †¢ A monopolist faces a downward sloping Demand curve. The firm D curve is the market D curve! †¢ A monopolist can sell additional output only by lowering its price (due to the law of demand). †¢ A monopolist must lower the price of all of its output, not just the marginal units, since it is a single-price seller. †¢ As a result, as output increases, the firms marginal revenue falls faster than the price. www. welkerswikinomics. com 4 Unit 2. 3. 3 Pure Monopoly Monopoly Demand as seen by a Monopolist Demand and Marginal Revenue Q 0 1 P1 2 3 4 5 P2 6 7 8 9 P3 10 P 172 162 152 142 132 122 112 102 92 82 72 TR=PxQ) 0 162 304 426 528 610 672 714 736 738 720 Demand and MR for a Monopolist P MR=? TR/? Q P1 P2 P3 D=AR=P Q1 Q2 Q3 Q MR Based on the above graph, over which range of output would a monopolist NEVER produce? Why? What information is needed to determine the profit maximizing level of output for this monopolist? www. welkerswikinomics. com 5 Unit 2. 3. 3 Pure Monopoly Monopoly Demand as seen by a Monopolist Elasticity and the monopoly Demand curve: †¢ Identify the elastic range of the demand curve. †¢ Identify the inelastic range of the demand curve. P Demand and MR PED1 P1 PED=1 Question: Why wont a monopolist ever produce at a level of output where it is in the inelastic range of its demand curve?

President Bill Clinton Essay -- Biography

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton succeeded where no other Democrat since Franklin had. He was re-elected to a second term as President. Clinton also proved most of his critics wrong, surviving the personal scandals that came about. During his presidency, Clinton broke promises and failed in certain areas, but he still had support of the American people. Even after his affair with Monica Lewinsky, the people still wanted him in office. They liked what he was doing for the country and supported him no matter what. Bill Clinton was an important president in American history, even through his personal scandals and broken promises. William Jefferson Clinton, now known as Bill Clinton, was born on August 19, 1946. He spent the first six years of his life in Hope, Arkansas. William Jefferson Blythe, Clinton's father, died in an auto accident three months before his mother, Virginia Cassidy Blythe, gave birth to him. Clinton was raised in his grandmother, Edith Cassidy's home. His mother was often away from home taking nursing classes in New Orleans. It was at this time when Clinton's grandmother taught him to read at a very early age (American President 1). In 1950, Bill's mother married Roger Clinton. Roger was a car dealer and an abusive alcoholic. Bill Clinton attended public schools in Hot Springs, Arkansas. The whole family then moved to Hope, Arkansas, about an hour away from Hot Springs. When Bill was 15, his mother divorced Roger Clinton, only to remarry him quickly after. As a teenage boy, Clinton was obsessed with politics. He won student elections in high school, and later at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. Clinton graduated from Yale Law School and moved back to his home state of Arkans... ...dn't happen, he had a huge impact on Americans, especially economically, and they supported him throughout his presidential career. During Clinton's presidency, the country had one of the longest periods of economic growth in history (Dumas 1). Bibliography Gerhardt, Michael J. "The Impeachment and Acquittal of William Jefferson Clinton." The Clinton Scandal and the Future of American Government. Ed. Mark J. Rozell and Clyde Wilcox. Washington,D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2000. 142-148. "American President: Biography of President Bill Clinton." Miller Center of Public Affairs. Ed. Russell L. Riley. 2008. University of Virginia. 21 Feb. 2008 . "Bill Clinton." MSN Encarta. Ed. Ernest C. Dumas. 2007. 1 Mar. 2008 .

Economics Commentary †article on the Haitian Earthquake Essay

IN JANUARY last year, the quake causes the 2004 Asian tsunami, which kill 250,000 people and 300,000 injured. People were living under sheeting strung across wooden poles. There were too many vulnerable homeless people that aid agency can’t fit them in tens. People are trapped in supermarkets, debris and so on. I feel really sorry for them and I hope casualty’s family can be rest in peace. First of all, there will be a change in Haiti’s economy because there’s a huge effect of Haiti’s production. Haiti lost 250,000 people and 300,000 people were injured. They lost loads of labor and enterprise just because of this. Labor are human resources providing power to make goods and services Enterprise is a firm is an owner of a factory or company e.g. Nike, Apple. Capitals such as Houses, hospitals and factories were destroyed. Capital is man made resources that use for production. Many animals got kill by this earthquake and tsunami and destroyed timbers there’s loss of land. Land is natural resources that can’t add by human. Clearly, Haiti’s production is decreasing. In this case, we can use a PPF to explain the situation. PPF is a curve that shows the combinations of 2 or more goods that can be produced using all available resources. Here’s the PPF of Haiti before tsunami. PFF1 is Haiti’s PPF before tsunami and PPF2 is Haiti’s PPF after tsunami The PPF shift to the left means there’s decrease at both actual and potential output. Actual output is what the country is currently producing and potential output is the maximum outputs you can produce will all currently resource. Because Haiti lost a lot of capitals, land, labor and enterprise, its production is running down. Therefore, it’s PPF shifts inward. There’s also economic decline and economic deterioration. Economic decline is the percent decrease in real GDP per annum and economic deterioration is decrease in living standard for everyone in the country. There is a shift of PPF because of the environment factors (earthquake and tsunami). There was a change of Haiti people’s demand because of the tsunami and earthquake. Demand is amount of a good or service that consumer are will and able to buy at a given price over a period a time. What’s the change of Haiti people’s demand? Tsunami and earthquake destroyed a lot things, one of them is food. Haiti people are in starvation, there’s no more flesh food for them so their demand of canned food rose. It is because inferior good’s demand if rise when there’s war, natural disaster. Inferior good is a good that can replace another good as a substitute. The demand of Haiti people’s canned food This is a demand curve shows people in Haiti’s demand of canned food rise from D1 to D2. Because the demand determinate is not price of the good of itself, it’s environment, there’s a shift of demand curve to the right. Demand determinants are factors that can affect the demand such as: price, consumer income, and low populations†¦ Evolution Haiti’s earthquake and tsunami are lost and a pain we would never wanted to happen and they took millions of people’s life away and destroyed thousands homes. Here are few solutions I think it might help to raise back the economy of Haiti. First of all is asking UN for help. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace. United nation will usually provided aid and food for refugees. Second is building hospitals and factories. Recovering labor and capital is an important step to get the economy back on track. Education is more important in Haiti than other countries. They need new blood to contribute for the society and that’s where education is needed. ‘Good people equal good country’.

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO)

Although the term is sometimes used loosely to refer to any factory farm, Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) is a designation by the United States Environmental Protection Agency meaning any operation in which animals are fed in confined spaces, but specifically those which store a large number of animals and produce a large amount of water and manure waste as well as contributing pollutants to the surrounding environment. The disambiguation of the term CAFO from AFO can be a bit confusing, but the main focus of the distinction lies in the size and impact of the operation, with CAFO being worse all around — which is why it is often associated with all factory farms, even if they dont meet EPA standards to qualify as a CAFO. The Legal Definition According to the EPA, an Animal Feeding Operation (AFO) is an operation in which animals are kept and raised in confined situations. AFOs congregate animals, feed, manure and urine, dead animals, and production operations on a small land area. Feed is brought to the animals rather than the animals grazing or otherwise seeking feed in pastures, fields, or on rangeland. CAFOs are AFOs that fall under one of the EPAs definitions of Large, Medium or Small CAFOs, depending on the number of animals involved, how wastewater and manure are managed, and whether the operation is a significant contributor of pollutants. Although nationally accepted as a federal mandate, state governments can choose whether or not to enforce punishments and restrictions the EPA sets on these facilities. However, a repeated lack of compliance  with EPA regulations or repeat excessive pollution from factory farms could result in a federal case against the company in question. The Problem with CAFO Animal rights activists and environmentalists alike argue against the continued use of factory farms, especially those that qualify under the EPA as Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations. These farms produce an inordinate amount of pollution and animal waste as well as consuming large amounts of crops, manpower, and energy to maintain.   Furthermore, the harsh conditions animals kept in these CAFO are often seen as violating the basic rights U.S. citizens believe animals are entitled to — although the Animal Welfare Act  excludes farms from classification and investigation from their agencies.   Another issue with commercial animal farming is that the population of cattle, chickens, and pigs cannot be maintained at the current rate of global consumption. Either the food used to nourish cows to edible health will disappear or the cattle themselves will be overeaten and eventually go the way of the Wooly Mammoth — extinct.